來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)
當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間5月9日，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》用整個(gè)頭版的版面，等比例展示了美國(guó)近年來(lái)的失業(yè)率變化情況，圖示顯示，今年4月美國(guó)失業(yè)人數(shù)“飛流直下三千尺”，整個(gè)豎版差點(diǎn)快放不下……
“失業(yè)有多嚴(yán)重？看看這個(gè)圖表吧！” 《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》在報(bào)道中提到，4月以來(lái)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步陷入危機(jī)，失業(yè)人數(shù)達(dá)2050萬(wàn)，失業(yè)率飆升至14.7％，創(chuàng)大蕭條以來(lái)最高值。
The American economy plunged deeper into crisis last month, losing 20.5 million jobs as the unemployment rate jumped to 14.7 percent, the worst devastation since the Great Depression.
這些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自美國(guó)勞工部7日發(fā)布的月度報(bào)告，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》表示，報(bào)告清晰展示了疫情期間美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的廣度和深度，以及蔓延的速度。
幾乎從任何角度來(lái)看，這都是一份慘淡的報(bào)告。有工作的成年人比例為51.3%，是有記錄以來(lái)最低的；據(jù)報(bào)道，有近1100萬(wàn)人因?yàn)檎也坏饺毠ぷ?，而被迫在做兼職工作，在疫情爆發(fā)前這一數(shù)字約為400萬(wàn)。
From almost any vantage point, it was a bleak report. The share of the adult population with a job, at 51.3 percent, was the lowest on record. Nearly 11 million people reported working part time because they couldn’t find full-time work, up from about four million before the pandemic.
文章稱，失業(yè)已經(jīng)影響到整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)，影響到每個(gè)主要行業(yè)。4月份，休閑和酒店等行業(yè)首當(dāng)其沖，連醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)也減少了100多萬(wàn)個(gè)工作崗位。低收入群體受到的打擊尤其嚴(yán)重，包括許多婦女和少數(shù)民族。
Job losses have encompassed the entire economy, affecting every major industry. Areas like leisure and hospitality had the biggest losses in April, but even health care shed more than a million jobs. Low-wage workers, including many women and members of racial and ethnic minorities, have been hit especially hard.
美國(guó)銀行首席美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家米歇爾·邁耶直呼 “這簡(jiǎn)直是破紀(jì)錄”，“在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中，通常需要幾個(gè)月或幾個(gè)季度的時(shí)間才能顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)的事情，這次在幾周內(nèi)就發(fā)生了。”
“It’s literally off the charts,” said Michelle Meyer, head of U.S. economics at Bank of America. “What would typically take months or quarters to play out in a recession happened in a matter of weeks this time.”
“我原以為大衰退是一輩子才會(huì)發(fā)生一次，但這次更糟?！?/strong>標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾評(píng)級(jí)公司首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家貝絲·安·波維諾表示。
“I thought the Great Recession was once in a lifetime, but this is much worse,” said Beth Ann Bovino, chief U.S. economist at S&P Global.
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》還提到了報(bào)告中的一個(gè)“亮點(diǎn)”，近80%的失業(yè)者表示，他們是被暫時(shí)解雇，預(yù)計(jì)將在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月重返工作崗位。
The one bright spot in Friday’s report was that nearly 80 percent of the unemployed said they had been temporarily laid off and expected to return to their jobs in the coming months.
上周五早上，特朗普總統(tǒng)在接受?？怂剐侣劜稍L時(shí)支持了這一觀點(diǎn)?！斑@些工作崗位都會(huì)回來(lái)、很快就會(huì)回來(lái)，” 特朗普說(shuō)，“明年我們將迎來(lái)非凡的一年?！?/strong>
President Trump endorsed this view in an interview Friday morning on Fox News. “Those jobs will all be back, and they’ll be back very soon,” Mr. Trump said, “and next year we’re going to have a phenomenal year.”
但均富會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家黛安·斯旺克表示，這種樂(lè)觀是錯(cuò)誤的，許多工作崗位是無(wú)法恢復(fù)的。
But Diane Swonk, chief economist at Grant Thornton, said that such optimism was misplaced, and that many of the jobs could not be recovered.
“這將是一個(gè)艱難的現(xiàn)實(shí)，”斯旺克說(shuō)，“這些‘休假’是永久性的，不是暫時(shí)性的。”
“This is going to be a hard reality,” Ms. Swonk said. “These furloughs are permanent, not temporary.”
網(wǎng)友看后“炸開(kāi)了鍋”：翻開(kāi)報(bào)紙，滿眼都是“失業(yè)”兩個(gè)字。
也有網(wǎng)友：雖然失業(yè)率不足20%，但失業(yè)人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)超經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條時(shí)期。
